Gyratory crushing machine



Feb. 23 1926.

W. S WESTON GYRATORY cnusame wmcams Filed March 15. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1' w. s. was-row P Feb. 23 ,1926. 1,574,142

GYRATORY CRUSHING MACHINE Filed March 15, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 23, 1926.

. UNITED STATES WILLIAM S. WESTON, F CQLUIA, SOUTH CARQIJNA.

GYRATORY CRUSHING MACHINE.

Application filed March. 15, was. Serial no. eraser.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM S. WESTON,

i a citizen of the United States, and a resident Crushing Machines, of'which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to gyratory crushing-- machines and particularly to the design and construction of the crushing mantle and concaves. The word concave as used in the art defines the substantially cylindrical sleeve or hopper which is rigidly secured to the frameof the crusher and which cooperates with the gyratory member to effect the crushing of the stone passing through, and the word. mantle is commonly used to indicate the hardened frustroconical shell which fits closely around a' frustro-conical core secured to the gyratory member and whichcooperates with the concave in crushing the material passing therebetween.

. Substantially cylindrical concave members and substantially frustro-conical mantles have been heretofore frequently employed in the art, the arrangement being such that an annular opening triangular or ll-shaped in axial section is left between the concave and the crushing mantle, this annular opening being upwardly flaring. In the operation of such machines, the large rocks enter this hopper shaped opening at the top, are crushed as they pass "downward,

and fall through the annular gap between the bottom edges of the crushing members.

More specifically stated, the objects of the present invention are, first, to provide a gyratory crusher in which the crushing mantle and concaves are designed with exactness, with the end in view of producing more perfect crushing action and longer life to these members when in use, and second, to provide a crushing mantle of improved design and constructon.

The invention may be embodied in various forms, and in the accompanying drawings one form is illustrated,but it will be understood that modifications of design may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section through a portion of a gyratory crushing machine showing the crushing members;

Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical section through one side .of the concave and 'portion of the mantle and mantle-core; Figure 3 is a similar view showing a concave of diii'erent size; and

Figure 4: is an axial section through a portion of the lower edge of an improved mantle.

The frame of the machine is indicated at 10 and the machine has preferably a general construction similar to that illustratediand described in my copending application Serial No. 456,663, tiled March 29, 1921. The concave is illustrated at. 11, and is rigidly secured to the frame. The gyratory shaft is indicated at 12, the mantle cone at 13, and the mantle at 14:. The mantle It lies parallcl to the frustro-conical core 13, but there is an intermediate lining of zinc 15 such as generally used in machines of this character. A mantle nut 16 has threaded relation with theshaft 12 and it is lower and bears down upon the annular upper end of the mantle 1t and the zinc lining 15 so that upward movement of the mantle is prevented, and also upward flow of the Zinc.

Referring particularly to FigureQ it will i be seen that the inner surface; of the concave ie-convex in. axial section, and that the outer or wearing surface of the mantle is also convex. The slope of the inner surface of the concave changes at approximately its quarter points when measured vertically so that it is divided into four annular sections which are indicated at a, b, c and (Z. The slope of the outer surface of the mantle also changes along its vertical height and it may be said that there are three sections e, f and g, the mantle surface in each section being difierent in slope fromthat of the other sections. Hence the crushing angle between the concave and mantle varies from the top toward the bottom and it will be seen that while stone entering the crushing space from the top will be crushed by opposing surfaces which make a relatively termed the feeding zone, the angle.

The angle M between sections b and fmay vary from 16 to 21. The angle between sections 0 and 9 will vary between 12 and 16, and the angle R between the lower sections d and y will vary from 8 to 12. As stated before the space between sections A and E maybe termed the feeding zonev and the space between sections B and C, F and G constitutes the crushing zone, while the space between sections D and G eenstitutes the finishing zone. The same anular relationships obtain with crushers of ass capacity as can be seen from Figure'3. Here smaller stones are crushed and the product is finer but the same principles of construction are employed. The concave in this case however is considerably shorter than that illustrated in Figure 1.

The stone fed into the crusher disclosed will consist, where the crusher is a secondary graded. The large pieces will be initially crushed in the first or feeding zone and in the succeeding 'zones the ieces will become smaller and smaller until nally falling from the machine. As the surfaces are worn, the

operation above described will be carried on continuously lower and lower. The crushlng head may be raised as wearing occurs from its original position indicated at 1,

to its full line position 2, and .finally to position 3. Due to the fact that the crushing angle becomes smaller and smaller toward the .bottoin 0f the crushing space the surfaces cannot wear in such manner that ultimately the crushing is all performed in the lowest zone, whichfrequently happens in machines of present design, with the result that a ring or pocket is formed in the concave in the crushing zone which allows stone tov slip instead of being promptly, crushed; This slippa 0 results in slowing up of production an overloading of the crusher.

Referring to Figure 4 it will seen that the lower end of the mantle is provided with aretaining lip 20 to prevent downward flow of the zinc lining. Here tofore the retaining flange or lip has been formed on the core,'as shown in Figuresl, 2 and 3. The formation of the retaining flange on the mantle insteadof the core is a change of great importance in that it permits the zinc linin to be poured in the shop with the mant e mounted on a dummy core and transported -or shipped as an integral. part of the mantle for ready assembly on a machine at any point. In prior constructions it was necessary to pour in the molten zinc after placing the mantle on the machine with which it is to be used, a diflicult and paratively expensive operation.

- To one skilled in the art the advantages of the invention will be a parent and it will also be obvious that minor changesof design and construction may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 4

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is 1. In a gyratory crushing'machine, in combination, a sleeve-like concave and a substantiall frustro-conical crushing mantle within t e concave, the crushing surfaces of the concave and mantle being convex in vertical section. v

2. In a gyratory crushing machine, in combination, a sleeve-like concave and a substantially frustro-conical crushing mantle within the concav, the crushing angle between the concav and mantle becoming smaller toward the crushed stone outlet and this angle beingsmallest at the outlet.

3. In a gyratory crushing machine, in combination, a sleeve-like concave and a substantially frustro-conical crushing mantle within the concave, there being three zones between said members, a feeding, a crushing, and a finishing zone, the angle between the cooperating faces in the crushing zone being less than the angle between the faces in the feedin zone, and greater than the angle the finishing 'zone.' In testimony whereof hereunto afiix my signature.

WILLIAM S. WESTON.

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